Missing Index File and 'Index of /' Pages: Set Up the Homepage Correctly
A file listing, a 403 or the host's default page means the server cannot find a homepage file. Fix the index file, its location and folder permissions.
Latest Posts, Page 10
DMARC Record Not Found: What to Publish and How to Roll It Out Safely
No DMARC record means receivers have no policy for mail that fails authentication. Add a monitoring-only record first, read the reports, then tighten it.
Domain Not Resolving: NXDOMAIN, SERVFAIL and How to Tell Them Apart
A site that will not load may have a DNS problem. Learn what NXDOMAIN, SERVFAIL and timeouts each mean, and trace the failure from the registrar to the record.
Duplicate Content: One Page, One URL, and Canonical Tags That Agree
When the same content is reachable at several URLs, search engines must guess which to show. Find the duplicates, pick one version, and redirect or canonicalise the rest.
Error Establishing a Database Connection: Check Credentials, Host and Server
Your site cannot log in to its database. Compare the details in your config file with the real database, then check the database server is running.
Comment and Contact Form Spam: Stop Bots Without Annoying Real Visitors
Unprotected forms attract bot spam within days. Layer a honeypot, a CAPTCHA or Turnstile, rate limits and comment settings, then check real messages still arrive.
Poor Heading Structure: Use H1 to H6 So People and Screen Readers Can Navigate
Headings are a page's outline. Missing H1s, skipped levels and headings used for styling make pages hard to scan and navigate. Here is how to check and fix them.
HTTPS Not Working: Diagnose It by What You See
Match your symptom (refused, timeout, certificate warning, wrong site) to its cause, then fix it. Includes the exact commands to run from any computer.
Invalid or Broken HTML: Find Unclosed Tags Before They Break Your Layout
Unclosed tags and wrong nesting make layouts break in some browsers but not others. Validate the page, read the first error, and fix structure from the top down.
Large Unoptimized Images: Cut Page Weight Without Losing Quality
Photos straight from a camera or phone can be ten times heavier than needed. Resize, compress, use modern formats, lazy-load below the fold, and set width and height.